I have the same problem with Ubuntu MATE 15.10. I have not been able to find any error messages for vmware in any of my log files. I did get a usb error from vmware but that came up before I even accepted the license agreement during install. The rest of the install went flawlessly. Afterwards vmware will not start even after reboot and no error messages in my logs. On another blog someone suggested to run: 'sudo /etc/init.d/vmware start' and check the output for errors. I received none.
Starting VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor done
Virtual machine communication interface done
VM communication interface socket family done
Blocking file system done
Virtual ethernet done
VMware Authentication Daemon done
Shared Memory Available done
Someone else suggested manually altering library path. I am not comfortable doing that. I am not an expert on linux (converted MCSE) but am pretty good and have seen things like that come back to haunt me.
PS - I first tried to install vmware player 7 (I know, it's old, but is what I had on my backup disk) and got the exact same results as version 12; installed fine and did not run.
Would really like to see a fix for this for not all oses run well in virtualbox.